Hantavirus in Brazil
Brazil reports the highest absolute HPS case counts in South America. Multiple distinct hantavirus lineages circulate, with Juquitiba virus dominant in the south and Araraquara virus in the central-western regions. Deforestation and agricultural expansion are key drivers of human–rodent contact.
Cumulative Cases
2,103
Deaths
751
CFR
35.7%
Global Rank
#5
by case count
Circulating Strains
- ●Juquitiba virus
- ●Araraquara virus
- ●Castelo dos Sonhos virus
Primary syndrome: Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS).
Reservoir Species
- • Black-footed colilargo (Oligoryzomys nigripes)
- • Hairy-tailed bolo mouse (Necromys lasiurus)
Most Affected Regions
- • São Paulo
- • Minas Gerais
- • Santa Catarina
- • Paraná
- • Mato Grosso
Country-specific Risk & Prevention
Sugarcane harvesting and rural agricultural work present the greatest occupational risk. Brazilian Ministry of Health guidance includes mandatory PPE for affected workers.
General prevention: see symptoms and prevention guidance →
Field Notes
Multiple strains including Juquitiba and Araraquara viruses. 2026 activity remains low through epidemiological week 15 (PAHO).